Organization of data in statistics
Organization of data refers to the systematic arrangement of collected figures (raw data), so that the data becomes easy to understand and more convenient for further statistical treatment .
Classification is the process of arranging data into sequences and groups according to their common characteristics of separating them in to different but related parts.
1. Homogeneity
2.Suitability
3.Clarity
4. Flexibility
5. Diversification
Characteristics of classification :-A variable is a characteristic that is capable of being measured and capable of change in its value from time to time.
Basis of classification:
1. Chronological classification: In such a classification data are classified either in ascending or in descending order with reference to time such as years, quarters, months weeks etc.
2. Geographical/Spatial classification: The data are classified with reference to geographical location/place such as countries, states , cities, districts, block etc
.3. Qualitative classification: Data are classified with reference to descriptive characteristics like sex, caste, religion literacy etc.
4. Quantitative classification: Data are classified on the basis of some measurable characteristics such as height, age, weight, income, marks of students.
5. conditional classification: When data are classified with respect to condition, the type of classification is called conditional classification.
A mass of data in its original form is called raw data. It is an unorganized mass of various items.A characteristic which is capable of being measured and changes its value overtime is called a variable. It is of two type.
(a) Discrete
(b) Continuous
Discrete: Discrete variable are those variables that increase in jumps or in complete numbers and are not fractional. Ex.-number of student in a class could be 2, 4, 10, 15,, 20, 25, etc. It does not take any fractional value between them.
Continuous variable: Continuous variables are those variables that can takes any value i.e. integral value or fractional value in a specified interval. Ex- Wages of workers in a factory.Different values of a variable is distributed in different classes along with their corresponding class frequencies.
Sr.No | Ram |
1 | 12000 |
2 | 14000 |
3 | 16000 |
4 | 18000 |
5 | 15000 |
6 | 15000 |
Total income | 900000 |
Average income | 15000 |
Town | Distance from town(f) |
a | 6 |
b | 2 |
c | 8 |
d | 14 |
e | 18 |
Class interval C I | No of student (f) |
0-10 | 5 |
10--20 | 8 |
20-40 | 16 |
40-60 | 7 |
60-90 | 4 |
40 |